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Smart villages in Asia
Concept of Smart villages is a global modern approach for off-grid communities. Vision behind this concept is to assist the policy makers, donors and socio-economic planner for rural electrification worldwide, with special focus on Asian and African countries. Smart villages concept is engaged in efforts to combat the real barriers to energy access in villages, particularly in developing countries with technological, financial and educational methodology. Since 20th Century Electricity has become a vital part of our lives, though we can survive without electricity but cannot progress and enjoy the benefits of science. World’s large oil companies have predicted that by 2050, one third of the energy will need to come from Solar, Wind and other renewable resources, therefore adoption of renewable resource in place of fossil fuel is the best approach that can be developed through off-grid systems or communities.
==Off-grid systems and off-grid communities==
Access to un-interrupted and low cost reliable electricity is vital for social and economic development all over the world. Achieving universal access to electricity requires a combination of grid-based and off grid solutions. Without this approach, increasing demand and decreasing supply cannot be stabilized for the mankind on this planet. Nearly 60% of the additional generation required to achieve universal electricity access needs to come from off-grid solutions – both stand-alone and mini-grids. IRENA’s work on Renewable Power Generation Costs concludes that renewable energy technologies are increasingly cost-competitive and are now the most economic option for off-grid electrification in most rural areas.〔Opening Remarks Adnan Z. Amin Director-General, International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/IRENA_2nd_IOREC_2015.pdf, retrieved on 08 November, 2015〕 80% of people of the world living in rural areas do not have access to electricity in addition to lack of employment which force them to migrate to urban areas.
The term “Off-grid” itself is very broad and simply refers to “not using or depending on electricity provided through main or national grids and generated by main power infrastructures. The term is also used to describe a particular lifestyle which is embodied by autonomous structures. Off-grid systems have a semi or autonomous capability to satisfy electricity demand through local power generation. The term off-grid systems cover both mini-grids for serving multiple users and stand-alone systems for individual appliance or users. In spite witnessing use of fossil fuel for power generation by mini or individual off-grid system, it is broadly defined that off-grid systems are actually based on renewable energy resources. The terms “micro-grid, nano-grid and pico-grid are used to differentiate different kinds of mini-grids with size thresholds under off-grid approach.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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